胆管癌
Overview
胆管癌 is 一种罕见的癌症 found in the tissue of the bile ducts, occurring in approximately two out of 100,000人. Men and women are equally affected and most cases occur in people over age 65. 胆管是连接肝脏、胆囊和小肠的小管. 胆管将胆汁——一种在消化过程中帮助分解食物中的脂肪的液体——从肝脏中输送出去.
Tumors can develop anywhere on the bile ducts and are typically slow growing. 然而, 通常在做出诊断的时候, many of the tumors are too advanced to be surgically removed. Other conditions such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, bile duct cysts and chronic biliary irritation, are associated with an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma.
我们治疗胆管癌的方法
加州大学旧金山分校提供最先进的胆管癌护理，也称为胆管癌. 除了肝胆外科十大赌博平台排行榜, 谁是肝脏方面的专家, 胆囊和胆管, 我们的团队包括移植外科十大赌博平台排行榜, 放射科十大赌博平台排行榜诊断, 介入放射科医师, 医疗肿瘤学家, 肝脏病学家, gastroenterologists and anesthesiologists.
对于需要大手术的病人, 我们的移植外科十大赌博平台排行榜运用他们在活体供肝移植方面的专业知识来进行复杂的肝动脉重建, 门静脉或胆管. 这使我们能够切除其他中心可能认为无法手术的肿瘤，因为它们涉及到大血管.
我们的十大赌博平台排行榜和科学家致力于通过研究发现胆管癌的其他治疗方法. Interested patients may have the option to participate in clinical trials, 评估潜在的新疗法.
Beating bile duct cancer after a second opinion
Following a failed surgery for cholangiocarcinoma, 一种罕见的癌症, Michael sought a second opinion at UCSF. He was successfully treated by our surgical team.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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北加州最好的，排名第一. 全国癌症治疗排名第七
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One of the nation's best in gastroenterology & 胃肠道手术
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指定综合癌症中心
迹象 & 症状
胆管癌 is 一种罕见的癌症 found in the tissue of the bile ducts. Tumors produce 症状 by blocking the bile ducts. 常见症状可能包括:
- 泥色凳
- Jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and eyes
- 瘙痒
- Abdominal pain that may extend to the back
- 食欲不振
- 不明原因的体重减轻
- 发热
- 发冷
诊断
你的十大赌博平台排行榜会首先询问你的病史，并进行体格检查. In addition, he or she may order the following tests:
- 计算机断层扫描(CT). An X-ray that uses a computer to provide an image of the inside of the abdomen.
- 磁共振成像(MRI)扫描. This test uses magnetic waves to create an image.
- 超声波. 这种测试使用高频声波从身体上反射出来，形成图像.
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). 在ERCP中，一根柔软的管子从喉咙插入胃和小肠. 通过向胰腺引流管中注射染料，十大赌博平台排行榜可以更清楚地看到该区域.
- 内镜超声(EUS). EUS包括通过一个薄层, 被称为内窥镜的柔韧的管子，穿过口腔或肛门，检查上、下胃肠道的内壁和壁以及附近的器官，如胰腺和胆囊. 内窥镜配备了一个小型超声波换能器，该换能器可以产生声波，从而产生可见的消化道图像. When combined with fine needle aspiration, EUS成为最先进的, 微创替代探查性手术，从腹部和其他器官中取出组织样本. It also may be used to determine the cause of 症状 such as abdominal pain, 评估一个增长, 诊断胰腺疾病, 胆管和胆囊，当其他检查结果不确定时，用于确定某些肺部或消化道癌症的程度.
- Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC). By injecting dye into the bile duct through a thin needle inserted into the liver, 在x射线上可以看到阻塞.
- Bile duct biopsy and fine needle aspiration. 取一小块胆管液体或组织样本，在显微镜下检查.
治疗
手术和放射治疗是胆管癌最常见的两种治疗方法.
手术
If the cancer is small and has not spread beyond the bile duct, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜可能会切除整个胆管，并通过连接肝脏和肠道的胆管开口来制造一个新的胆管. 淋巴结也将被移除，在显微镜下检查是否含有癌细胞. 如果癌症已经扩散，无法切除，十大赌博平台排行榜可能会进行手术来缓解症状.
如果癌症阻塞了小肠，胆汁就会在胆囊中积聚, 可能需要手术. 在这个操作过程中, 叫做胆道旁路手术, 十大赌博平台排行榜会切开胆囊或胆管，把它缝到小肠上.
肿瘤完全切除后, 30 percent to 40 percent of patients survive for at least five years, with the possibility of being completely cured. 如果肿瘤不能完全切除，一般是不可能治愈病人的. 在这些情况下, if you are not a candidate for surgery and have an obstruction, 经皮经肝胆管造影(PTC)和内窥镜逆行胆管造影术(ERCP)可用于放置塑料或金属支架, 哪些有助于排便.
放射治疗
放射疗法是利用高能x射线杀死癌细胞并缩小肿瘤. There are two main types of radiation therapy:
- 外束放射治疗. Radiation comes from a machine outside the body.
- 内部放射治疗. 产生辐射的物质, 被称为放射性同位素, are put into the area where the cancer cells are found through thin plastic tubes.
实验治疗
目前有几种治疗胆管癌的方法正在临床试验中进行研究, 包括:
- 化疗. 使用药物杀死癌细胞
- 生物治疗. Uses the body's immune system to fight cancer
- 光动力治疗. Uses a specific type of light and photosensitizing agent to kill cancer cells
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. 它仅用于教育目的，并不打算取代您的十大赌博平台排行榜或其他医疗保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.
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